Eastern red cedar is a popular choice among woodworkers for its rich color, pleasant aroma, and natural resistance to decay. However, its unique properties can also present challenges if you're not prepared. This guide covers everything you need to know to successfully incorporate eastern red cedar into your woodworking projects.
Understanding Eastern Red Cedar: Characteristics and Challenges
Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) is not a true cedar but a juniper. It has a distinct reddish heartwood with creamy white sapwood, and its fine, straight grain makes it easy to work with hand and power tools. However, the wood is brittle and prone to splitting, especially near knots. It also has a high oil content, which can clog sandpaper and affect glue adhesion. The aromatic oils are a natural insect repellent, making it ideal for closets and chests. But these oils can also cause allergic reactions in some people, so wear a dust mask and gloves.
Selecting the Best Eastern Red Cedar for Your Project
When buying eastern red cedar, look for boards with minimal knots and straight grain. Avoid pieces with large, loose knots or cracks, as these will likely split during machining. The wood is typically sold as lumber or in smaller craft packs. For furniture, choose clear (knot-free) grades; for rustic projects, knotty cedar adds character. Check for moisture content—aim for 6-9% for indoor projects. Also, be aware that cedar can be slightly oily; wipe with acetone before gluing or finishing to improve adhesion.
Common Mistakes Beginners Make with Eastern Red Cedar
One of the biggest mistakes is using the wrong blade or feed rate. Because cedar is soft and brittle, a sharp, fine-toothed blade (60-80 teeth) on a table saw or miter saw prevents tear-out. Another error is over-sanding: cedar's softness means you can easily sand through the thin sapwood layer. Start with 120-grit and move to 220-grit maximum. Also, avoid using water-based stains, as they can react with the oils and cause blotchiness. Instead, use oil-based stains or simply clear coat with polyurethane or shellac.
Step-by-Step: Building a Simple Cedar Planter Box
Here’s a beginner-friendly project that showcases cedar’s weather resistance. You’ll need: 1x6 cedar boards (cut to 24" for sides, 12" for ends), 1x2 cedar for trim, exterior wood screws, and a drill.
Step 1: Cut all pieces to size. Sand edges lightly.
Step 2: Pre-drill holes to prevent splitting. Attach side pieces to end pieces using 1.5" screws.
Step 3: Add a bottom (cut from 1/2" plywood or cedar) and attach with screws.
Step 4: Attach 1x2 trim around the top edge for a finished look.
Step 5: Apply a coat of exterior oil or sealant to protect the wood. Let dry 24 hours before planting.
Finishing and Sealing Eastern Red Cedar
For outdoor projects, use a UV-resistant spar varnish or marine-grade finish to prevent the color from fading to gray. For indoor use, a simple coat of Danish oil or wax enhances the natural beauty. Avoid using paint, as it can peel due to the oily surface. If you want to maintain the red color, choose a finish with UV inhibitors. Apply thin coats and sand lightly between coats. Remember: cedar’s natural oils can cause finishes to dry slowly, so allow extra drying time.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use eastern red cedar for cutting boards? Not recommended—the wood is soft and will show knife marks, plus the oils can impart flavor to food.
Is eastern red cedar good for outdoor furniture? Yes, it’s naturally rot-resistant, but it will weather to gray if not finished. Use a UV-protective finish to maintain color.
How do I remove cedar oil before finishing? Wipe the surface with denatured alcohol or acetone, then let dry completely.
Can I glue eastern red cedar? Yes, but use a polyurethane or epoxy glue, as PVA glues may not bond well with oily wood. Scuff the surface with sandpaper first.
Final Thoughts
Eastern red cedar is a rewarding wood to work with, offering beauty and durability. By understanding its unique properties—brittleness, oiliness, and softness—you can avoid common pitfalls and create stunning projects. Start with simple designs, use sharp tools, and always test finishes on scrap. Happy woodworking!